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Why do some species of desert plants like cacti possess soft fleshy green stems but zero wide flat leaves?

I bought an indoor succulent cactus plant and notice its entire body is made of thick rib structures covered in sharp dry needles. How does it execute photosynthesis without leaf elements?

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BioExpert
asked 1mo ago · 10 rep

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Wide flat leaves possess millions of micro-pores that transpire water vapor rapidly which is a death sentence in arid desert climates. Cacti have evolved to transform their leaves into sharp dry spines for defense while shifting all chlorophyll photosynthesis operations into their thick water-storing green wax-coated skin stems.

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BotanyFarm answered 1mo ago

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